The A–Z of Tech and Startups: A 2025 Guide from Moneycontrol

As 2025 draws to a close, Moneycontrol’s tech and startup team returns with its annual A–Z ready reckoner, a snapshot of the themes that defined India’s fast-evolving technology and startup ecosystem.

Moneycontrol’s A–Z of Tech and Startups 2025 (appended below) captures everything from Andhra Pradesh’s emergence as a new tech hotspot and data centres turning into India’s hottest FDI magnet, to the return of big-ticket startup IPOs and a quick-commerce sector that refused to slow down.

Artificial intelligence dominated the narrative, spanning everything from foundational models being built in India to world models, xAI’s Grok, and OpenAI feeling the pressure from Google’s Gemini.

It was also a sobering year in many respects. The crackdown on H-1B visas dented global aspirations, real-money gaming appeared to meet its end, EdTech swung between IPO hopes and write-offs, and layoffs returned to haunt the IT sector.

Even as capital remained plentiful, it grew more cautious. VCs raised more money than startups, and secondary sales outpaced primary funding in many IPOs.

We hope you enjoy reading this list as much as we enjoyed putting it together. Here’s wishing you a happy and healthy New Year.